Dichloromethane

Dichloromethane, commonly referred to as methylene chloride, is a chlorinated hydrocarbon derived from methane by substituting two hydrogen atoms with chlorine atoms, resulting in the chemical formula CH₂Cl₂. It is a colorless, transparent liquid that is denser than water and emits a faint, sweet aroma reminiscent of ether. Although dichloromethane itself is non-flammable, it can form explosively combustible mixtures in highly oxygenated environments. The compound has limited solubility in water but demonstrates miscibility with numerous organic solvents—including chlorinated compounds, ethers, ethanol, and N,N-dimethylformamide—in all proportions. Owing to its high volatility and strong solvent power, it is extensively utilized in applications such as paint removal, industrial cleaning, and chemical extraction processes.

Parameters

Safety Information

Dichloromethane is valued for its high solvency and comparatively low toxicity. It finds widespread application in the manufacture of safety films and polycarbonates. It is also employed as a solvent in coatings, a degreasing agent for metals, a propellant in aerosols, a blowing agent for polyurethane foam, a mold release agent, and an effective paint remover. In the pharmaceutical sector, this colorless liquid is used as a reaction medium, notably in the production of antibiotics such as ampicillin, hydroxybenzyl penicillin, and cephalosporins. Additional uses include serving as a solvent in film processing, a dewaxing agent in petroleum refining, an extractant in organic synthesis, a foaming agent for various foam plastics including polyurethane, and as a cleaning agent for metallic surfaces.