Fumaric Acid
Broad Industrial Utility: Fumaric acid serves as a versatile industrial raw material with applications spanning food, coatings, synthetic resins, and plasticizer production.
Food Industry Application: Functions as an efficient acidulant with consistent sourness in products including carbonated beverages, fruit juices, pickled foods, and frozen desserts.
Enhanced Bubble Stability: Improves the gas-retention capacity of solid beverage foaming agents, contributing to a finer product texture.
Fine Chemical Intermediate: Serves as an essential building block in fine chemical synthesis, particularly valuable for producing maleic anhydride-derived compounds and other high-purity specialty chemicals.
Fumaric acid is an important organic chemical and a key intermediate in the synthesis of fine chemicals. As a derivative of maleic anhydride, it finds wide application in industries such as food, coatings, resins, and plasticizers. In the food sector, fumaric acid is commonly used as a souring agent in soft drinks, fruit juices, wines, canned fruits, pickles, and ice cream. It is also employed in solid beverage formulations to improve carbonation stability, enhance bubble retention, and create a finer product texture.
Fumaric acid Chemical Properties
Melting point | 298-300 °C (subl.) (lit.) |
Boiling point | 137.07°C (rough estimate) |
density | 1.62 |
vapor pressure | 1.7 mm Hg ( 165 °C) |
refractive index | 1.5260 (estimate) |
FEMA | 2488 | FUMARIC ACID |
Fp | 230 °C |
storage temp. | Store below +30°C. |
solubility | 95% ethanol: soluble0.46g/10 mL, clear, colorless |
form | Fine Crystalline Powder |
pka | 3.02, 4.38(at 25℃) |
color | White |
PH | 3.19(1 mM solution);2.57(10 mM solution);2.03(100 mM solution); |
Odor | odorless |
Odor Type | odorless |
biological source | synthetic |
explosive limit | 40% |
Water Solubility | 0.63 g/100 mL (25 ºC) |
Merck | 14,4287 |
JECFA Number | 618 |
BRN | 605763 |
Stability: | Stable at room temperature. Decomposes at around 230 C. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, bases, reducing agents. Combustible. |
InChIKey | VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N |
LogP | -4.02 at 20℃ |
CAS DataBase Reference | 110-17-8(CAS DataBase Reference) |
NIST Chemistry Reference | Fumaric acid(110-17-8) |
EPA Substance Registry System | Fumaric acid (110-17-8) |
Safety Information
Hazard Codes | Xi |
Risk Statements | 36 |
Safety Statements | 26 |
RIDADR | UN 9126 |
WGK Germany | 1 |
RTECS | LS9625000 |
Autoignition Temperature | 375 °C |
TSCA | Yes |
HS Code | 29171900 |
Hazardous Substances Data | 110-17-8(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 9300 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit 20000 mg/kg |
Fumaric acid is a strong, non-hygroscopic acid with relatively low solubility. At 25 °C, its solubility in distilled water is approximately 0.63 g per 100 mL. Dissolution occurs slowly in cold water but can be enhanced by combining it with dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate. Reducing the particle size also improves its solubility. In terms of acid equivalence, 0.317 kg of fumaric acid can substitute for 0.453 kg of citric acid.
